Getting braces off and having white spots. what are they?

Decalcification: Those white spots are areas of decalcification related to the buildup of food and plaque, and the formation of acids around your braces, that mar the surface of your teeth. Discuss options to repair the damaged enamel with your dentist.

White spots are....: Stains that form due to inadequate brushing during the orthodontic treatment. They are completely preventable if proper brushing recommendations are followed as instructed and Fluoride is used nightly before bedtime. Braces do trap a lot of food and if not adequately brushed, food accumulates and bacteria causes these white stains or "decalcifications" which are scars on the surface of enamel.

Scars: Decalcification or demineralization scars are a result of acid leaching out calcium from the enamel of the crowns of your teeth. Most often this is due to inadequate brushing to remove plaque bacteria (those bugs use sugars to produce acid on the tooth). Acidic soft or soda drinks, energy, sports, flavored water, etc. All bathe the teeth with strong acids and contribute to forming these scars.