Can you take penicillin v potassium 500 mg for infected tooth?

Penicillin for tooth: Yes. unless you are allergic to it.

Penicillin V: Who's prescribing it or are you self administering it? The dentist treating you for the infection is best equipped to decide on which antibiotic to take and what the dosage/regimen should be. It's generally not the #1 choice among dentists. Also make sure the cause of the infection is addressed.

Antibiotics will : Temporarily suppress your infection but they can't fix the problem. You must go to your dentist or things will go from bad to worse

Enough?: Do you have enough for a full 5 day course? Self medicating is never a good idea. Dental infections require direct treatment of the infected tissues. Antibiotics reduce extent of infection, which will come roaring right back when you run out of pills. Call a Dentist.