Could consuming foods with no or little carbohydrates help me lose quick weight?

Yes and no: You want to avoid large amounts of simple carbs (like sugar) but complex carbs are ok in reasonable amounts. Protein is good, but too much fat will reverse any benefit of avoiding carbs. And any diet without an increase in activity is doomed to fail. You need to burn more calories not just decrease your intake. Even if you start with simple walking... Just get our heart rate up.