Walked past a smoker twice who was just exhaling their cigarette. the street was very narrow and i was a couple of inches away from them and the smoke was very strong. can this exposure cause lung cancer as took deep breath when walking past them?

Incidental exposure to secondhand smoke provides negligible risk to anyone for any condition, including cancer. Your lungs have a self-cleaning mechanism that will remove any particulate matter over time just as it does for house dust.

The amount of exposure you described would not change your inherent risk for cancer. You can reduce your risk of cancer by adopting healthy habits: Eat a mostly vegetarian diet, avoid alcohol, tobacco and street drugs, avoid excessive exposure to sun, maintain healthy weight, get HPV vaccine, exercise 30 minutes each day, drink enough water so your urine is mostly colorless. Wish you good health!