What does this mean in simple form and what would caused it possibly ? esophagus ulcer ulcerated mucosa with inflamed gratutlation tissue?

It means there is an ulcer in the esophagus that is inflamed but it is beginning the healing process-granulation tissue is how it heals. There could be many causes including gastro-esophageal reflux disease. Often the GI doctor will take a biopsy of the ulcer at the time of the endoscopy which may help determine the cause. So, see the GI doctor in follow up to discuss the results and treatment.

Just an add on to Dr Ferranti’ s comprehensive answer, pill esophagitis is becoming increasingly common as sometimes when taking pills in a rush, they are not followed by enough fluid to flush them in the stomach and by getting embedded in the esophageal mucosa they may cause inflammation/ ulceration.