Can a doctor tell from listening to the heart and physical examination of the chest area if your heart is enlarged?

There are physical exam signs that suggest enlargement of the heart (or cardiomegaly), such as extra heart sounds, murmurs, and displacement of the point of maximum impulse. If present, an echocardiogram (which uses ultrasound to look at the heart) can be done to assess the size, structure, and function of the heart chambers. Thank you for using HealthTap for your health questions!

I wouldn't depend on any general exam to confirm/exclude that issue. A simple chest x-ray or an electrocardiogram can suggest it. An echocardiogram would be a better test to verify chamber size/position and wall thickness.