Can tmj cause difficulty swallowing ear pain headache pain at base of head like where the little nubs as i call them stick out on one side espically when ear starts to hurt?

Rule out ear problem: Ruling out ear infection is especially important so that the possibility of hearing loss can be avoided. Also it is important that your physician rule out the possibility of infection the ear first before making the assumption that the problem is related to TMJ. See your PCP.

Yes, but...: Yes, but so can many other pathological entities. See your Physician to rule out non-dental causes. See a Dentist familiar with diagnosing joint/muscle dysfunction. Sometimes collaborative treatment is indicated.

Yes: Take a simple test for tmj. Open and close and listen for popping and clicking if so you have a TMJ problem. Bite on a q-tip with front teeth and open and close on it, sound should go away. If sound goes away this indicates that you jaw is in a position causing you TMJ problems and you should see a TMJ dentist to change your bite.