High triglycerides, does it cause having arterial hypertension?

No: High triglycerides do not cause high blood pressure. Very high levels of triglycerides can cause pancreatitis and may contribute to plaque buildup in the arteries depending on the other lipid levels in your blood

Probably no: High triglycerides by itself is not going to cause arterial hypertension. Bu high triglycerides on a longer run along with other metabolic abnormalities like high sugar and high cholesterol will accelerate the atherosclerosis in the blood vessels which eventually causes vascular events like heart attack, strike, poor circulation , kidney failure etc.

Associated: Certain things hang together and while high triglycerides and hypertension are both seen in obesity, metabolic syndrome and preceded by insulin resistance, the former has not been proven to "cause" the latter.