Have there been any studies on the long-term effects of chronic migraines on the brain and cognitive functions, and if so, what were the findings?

Migraines AND cognit: Yes, has been well documented. In the case of migraines, the lesions “likely represent small strokes,” says study author Richard Lipton, MD, co-director of the Montefiore Headache Center. So small, you didn’t even know you were having them. Visible on brain scans, these silent lesions aren’t cancerous and slowly accumulate with age; in fact, you’re likely to already have a few if you’re middle age

There is a lot of: evidence from scholarly research on a cause and effect relationship between chronic migraine and certain lesions of the brain. However, b/c cognitive function is affected by so many variables, the relationship to cognitive function is less clear. Check out >scholar.google.com->migraine->long term complications< for more info on this subject. Helpful?