I have dry eyes and i'm thinking of punctal occlusion. what are the risks and complications of punctal plugs and punctal cautery?

Generally very safe: Punctal occlusion can be very helpful for the symptoms of dry eyes. Punctal plugs can be temporary (dissolving) or permanent (non-dissolving), but are reversible in either case. Punctal cautery is generally more irreversible and may be a little uncomfortable to have performed. The main risks are a temporary overflow of tears (epiphora) or a rub causing a plug to dislodge which then may be felt.

Occlusion may help: Punctal occlusion using plugs is reversible and very well tolerated. There are few complications: rarely plug reaction, intolerance or infection. If there is a simultaneous eyelid infection (blepharitis), the plugs may keep inflammatory material on the eye longer, increasing irritation. Cautery is irreversible, though with difficulty a new tear opening could be made surgically. I prefer plugs.

Minimal : Irritation, tearing, need for plug removal, possible need for tear drainage surgery (rare).