Could the xylitol in some forms of gum make your teeth hurt?

No it should not : Xylitol does not usually cause tooth pain. There is some evidence that xylitol can make remineralization of small cavities in the mouth possible by changing the baceria content of the mouth. However, people can experience different side effects with any substance. I would suggest a visit to your dentist to rule out erosion of your teeth or decay. Xy.

Not likely: No, that is not typical. In fact, xylitol has been found to stop decay in the teeth. It may be another source causing your pain.

No, but clenching, grinding, cavities, gum recession, abrasions, burns, GERD, viral outbreak, bacterial infection, fungal imbalance, and so many other possibilities. Why don't yo go see your Dentist. Referral to a specialist in Dental Medicine may provide answers.