I am taking an aspirin a day per my cardiologist. what can you take for pain? ex. after a workout)

Start with : Tylenol (acetaminophen), (acetaminophen) assuming you don't have a reason you can take this like liver issues. Otherwise, review this with your cardiologist as many patients taking aspirin use nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories like ibuprofen or Naprosyn for minor pains that don't respond to Tylenol (acetaminophen).

More aspirin: You can certainly increase your dose of aspirin--up to 2 tablets four times per day, depending on your gastric tolerance. For muscle strains/pain, I recommend DMSO (dimethylsulfoxide)--either topical, or even oral (1 tsp per day). DMSO is available in a health food store, or a feed/veterinary supply store. When taken orally, it is very effective for generalized muscle/joint pains/inflammation.

Options but...: Since you are seeing a cardiologist, that is the Dr. that should be providing you this advice.