My dad is in severe pain from bladder surgery. could that cause his glucose to go into the 590s?! type 2 diabetic.

Most likely: He's got an infection. Best to call his doctor right away. If his sugar can't be controlled that's often a sign of infection and can lead to poor surgical outcomes. Call his surgeon and ask what they want you to do. It would be helpful to get a set of vital signs to relay to the doctor. Temperature, blood pressure, heart rate, respirations per minute and pain on scale of 1-10. Make haste! Call now.