What is the most effective way to prevent rabies?

Rabies shots ASAP: The best way to prevent rabies after exposure to an infected animal is to get the rabies shots started as soon as possible (within a day). The shots are very effective. If a person got the virus from the exposure, and doesn't get treatment, he will die of rabies.

Preventing rabies: The best way is to avoid being bitten by any wild animals, especially bats. Rarely, domestic dogs and cats can become rabid if bitten by wild animals, and transmit to humans. Racoons and rodents can be infested. Post-exposure prophylaxis can be provided to people who are bitten. About 50, 000 people die worldwide with rabies each year, but only ~2 cases diagnosed in the us/year from 1980-2010.