What can microscopic blood in urine mean?

Many things: Red cells in the urine can mean kidney or bladder stones glomerulonephritis cancer of the kidney or urinary tract. They can be benign. Persistent microscopic hematuria needs urology and nephrology review.

Diagnosis First: It depends where it is coming from. It may be from the filtering units, kidneys, ureters, bladder, prostate, or urethra. The presence of other factors in the urine, symptoms, and patient's age all will suggest a likely source, and order of investigations to your doctor.

Hematuria...: Per aua guidelines of 2012, if you have >3 red blood cells in a urine sample and are over age 35, you should see a urologist for a work up. If you are younger than 35, the urologist may choose to observe you or work you up, depending on your risk factors. The standard work up consists of a triple-phase ct scan and cystoscopy (a camera in the bladder). This standardized work up determines cause.