29y female. mri results lumbar- discogenic disease/protrusion l5-s1. low lumbar facet arthropathy. cervical- bulging c6-7 can trauma cause this?

The lumbar: changes are degenerative/arthritic in nature. It is possible that these changes were initiated by a prior traumatic event, but in the vast majority of cases, there is no identifiable inciting factor. The same holds true for the cervical bulge.

You describe Lumbar Spondylosis with degenerative disc issue at L5-S1, and likely neck is also consequence of wear and tear. Trauma could worsen this and provoke symptoms in the presence of prior compensated changes.