Very carefully: There is only indirect physical examination of the kidney, labs from the blood (bun and creatinine), urine (sodium, creatinine, potassium, albumen, protein, the appearance of the urine under a microscope), ultrasound of the kidney, or ct scan are helpful. Biopsy of the kidney can be done but only if the answer can't be obtained elsewhere.
Answered 10/4/2016
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