Chiari : Chiari malformation comes in 4 different types so it depends upon the type. Here is a description of the types: type i involves the extension of the cerebellar tonsils (the lower part of the cerebellum) into the foramen magnum, without involving the brain stem. Normally, only the spinal cord passes through this opening. Type i – which may not cause symptoms – is the most common form of cm and is usually first noticed in adolescence or adulthood, often by accident during an examination for another condition. Type i is the only type of cm that can be acquired. Type ii, also called classic cm, involves the extension of both cerebellar and brain stem tissue into the foramen magnum. Also, the cerebellar vermis (the nerve tissue that connects the two halves of the cerebellum) may be only partially complete or absent. Type ii is usually accompanied by a myelomeningocele – a form of spina bifida that occurs when the spinal canal and backbone do not close before birth, causing the spinal cord and its protective membrane to protrude through a sac-like opening in the back. A myelomeningocele usually results in partial or complete paralysis of the area below the spinal opening. The term arnold-chiari malformation (named after two pioneering researchers) is specific to type ii malformations. Type iii is the most serious form of cm. The cerebellum and brain stem protrude, or herniate, through the foramen magnum and into the spinal cord. Part of the brain’s fourth ventricle, a cavity that connects with the upper parts of the brain and circulates csf, may also protrude through the hole and into the spinal cord. In rare instances, the herniated cerebellar tissue can enter an occipital encephalocele, a pouch-like structure that protrudes out of the back of the head or the neck and contains brain matter. The covering of the brain or spinal cord can also protrude through an abnormal opening in the back or skull. Type iii causes severe neurological defects. Type IV involves an incomplete or underdeveloped cerebellum – a condition known as cerebellar hypoplasia. In this rare form of cm, the cerebellar tonsils are located in a normal position, but parts of the cerebellum are missing, and portions of the skull and spinal cord may be visible. In general, the symptoms of chiari malformation include: neck pain, balance problems, muscle weakness, numbness or other abnormal feelings in the arms or legs, dizziness, vision problems, difficulty swallowing, ringing or buzzing in the ears, hearing loss, vomiting, insomnia, depression, or headache made worse by coughing or straining. Hand coordination and fine motor skills may be affected. Symptoms may change for some individuals, depending on the buildup of CSF and resulting pressure on the tissues and nerves. Persons with a type 1 cm may not have symptoms. Adolescents and adults who have cm but no symptoms initially may, later in life, develop signs of the disorder. So as you can see unilateral facial, tongue, and shoulder swelling would be unusual and hence requires further investigation. I hope this information is helpful.
Answered 10/3/2016
5.3k views
no: A chiari malformation can classically cause headache and neck pain or even breathing or swallowing problems, but it should not have anything to do with face and tongue swelling.
Answered 4/23/2014
4.8k views
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