How long does it take for the development of cardio vascular disease?

It is progressive...: Cardiovascular disease includes coronary artery disease, stroke, carotid artery disease, or peripheral arterial disease. They are caused by blockages in the arteries by atherosclerosis, which is a build-up of fats called plaques inside the walls of the arteries. It is a progressive disease with many recognized risk factors that generally begins in childhood and manifests in mid-late adulthood.

An interesting study: Some of the risk factors for cardiovascular disease include hyperlipidemia, diabetes, high blood pressure, smoking, older age and family history. According to a study with a serial intravascular ultrasound on pigs after inducing diabetes and hyperlipidemia, plaque started to develop at week 11, and progressively evolved to high-risk plaques at week 36. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20439786.