Why are there floaters in my eye? could they be from years of martial arts?

Don't think so: Floaters are protein deposits in th eye that can usually be seen when looking at the sun or bright lights.

Floaters: Possibly, it sounds as if you have had a posterior vitreous detachment. This is a situation where the vitreous(jelly) of the eye detaches (not a retinal detachment), it then "crumples" up leaving dots, spots, strands of blurry vitreous; i.e. The "floater". You should have an exam to ensure the incident did not tear the retina, which could lead to a retinal detachment.