Can sickle-cell anemia be detected from a test?

Yes: Certain blood work - i.e. Cbc, and a hemoglobin electrophoresis, - would need to be done to establish a diagnosis of sickle cell anemia.

Yes.: There are simple blood tests that your doctor can run in order to tell if you have sickle cell disease or trait. Sickle cell disease is inherited from your parents. If either (or both) of your parents have sickle cell disease or trait, there is a possibility that you do also. For you to actually have sickle cell disease, both of your parents must have the disease or trait.