Uncertain: It is not entirely clear what the portal of entry of the virus is, even though it appears to gain entry via the upper respiratory tract. It may get into the fetus by infected cells carried through the placenta, but this, to my knowledge, is not entirely clear.
Answered 3/26/2013
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Via the placenta: The only potential entry point for measles virus to a fetus is the shared blood supply with the mother (placenta/umbilical cord). Other potential invaders are kept out by the membranes that surround the fetus and the womb. For this reason, only a mother who becomes infected with measles during pregnancy can have a baby affected by the measles virus. If mom is immune, the fetus cannot get it.
Answered 9/17/2017
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