Does using benzoyl peroxide every night work as a chemical peel?

No: It is not for that purpose and does not have that effect.

Benzoyl Peroxide-: (bpo) is an oxidizing agent that has antibacterial properties that help with acne care. It can cause drying of the skin and result in skin peeling, skin redness and stinging until tolerance to these side effects are reached. Bpo works quite differently form a peel and cannot be used like a chemical peel. If you wish to have the effect as a peel, discuss your expectations with your skin specialist.