What is happening when 2 tests show a positive negative in hepatitis c?

Antibody and RNA?: Most likely, what you are asking is why an hcv antibody test can be positive, while the follow up hcv RNA (viral load) test is negative. About 25% of people who are exposed to hcv will spontaneously clear their infection. That means the antibody is positive (the immune system remembers the exposure) but there is no active viral infection. These people can still get infected if re-exposed.