I have a hyper extension of the thumb will i need an operation to fix it?

Depends: You need evaluation by hand surgeon. Impossible to answer without exam.

Ligament : Laxity can be acute or chronic. A collateral ligament injury can result from a hyperextension injury and this is often repaired chronic collateral lig injury can be reconstructed or if arthritis is there , fusion if the joint. If there is chronic hyper extension it may be associated with arthritis in the joint below in the base of the thumb and can be addressed if needed . The thumb is complex.