There : There is a genetic component to refractive error. There have been hundreds of studies on this topic across the globe. There are likely environmental factors that can also play a role. An association between obtaining higher levels of education and myopia has been found in many studies (perhaps reading leads to more myopia, perhaps myopic people are simply smarter, perhaps myopic people are bad at sports and simply stay inside and study). I am hopeful that myopic people are not smarter because I am a low hyperope.
Answered 10/3/2016
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There : There is certainly evidence that myopia has a genetic component, especially if one looks at certain countries where the population is very genetically homogenous. There may be some environmental factors as well, but none that have been proven.
Answered 10/4/2016
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Polygenic: The inheritance of myopia is not clear cut (like blue vs brown eyes). Myopia is increasing and it appears as if the condition might have inherited incidence simply because it is more prevalent. Much work is being done on the cause and inheritance of this condition. The genetic underpinnings appear to be caused by multiple genes in development but there is much work to be done.
Answered 12/20/2014
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