What are hammer toes and how they treated?

See below: They are deformity of the joints and contraction of the tendons that cause bone deformity. Surgery is the usual treatment.

When a toe is : Not straight, and instead is flexed so that there is a hump like protrusion of bone. The best treatment if painful is surgery.

A contracted toe: A hammertoe is an contracture or a bending of the toe joint which results from a muscle or tendon imbalance due to the mechanical or structural changes in the foot. This can be hereditary or due to environmental factors such as tight shoes. This bending can lead to abnormal pressure distribution resulting in pain, swelling, blistering, and corns. Treatment can be conservative or surgical.

Bent toe.: If you catch hammertoes in the early stages, a small, in-office procedure to release one of the tendons will often allow the toe to lie straight again. If the toe deformity has become rigid, the surgery is more involved. It's an outpatient procedure in an operating room, and can involve bone cuts, pins, screws, or other implants. Without surgery, your best bet is padding to reduce your discomfort.

Hammertoes: These are contracture deformities . Flexible hammertoes can be helped via a simple soft tissue release . Some hammertoes are called rigid because there is a degradation of cartilage causing fusion or subluxation . These need a more involved surgery to fix. See your podiatrist for an evaluation and x rays and to chart a treatment plan