Can you have gum disease and not have any pain in your gums?

Absolutely: If you have pain you're at the tooth-loosing stage. Don't wait, see a Periodontist, a gum/bone specialist, for an evaluation. Painless early gum disease is easier/cheaper to treat than painful advanced gum disease.

Very common: Gum (gingivitis, periodontitis) disease often develops slowly and without causing any pain. Even if you don't have any discomfort, see your dentist for evaluation and treatment.