Big topic: Hi. For hypernatremia (hi Na) the body is always hypovolemic and dehydrated. This can result in organ hypoperfusion and tissue damage. For hyponatremia (lo Na), volume status could be low, normal, or high, and needs to be assessed. Lo Na should not be completely normalized rapidly because of possible brain damage due to osmotic shifts (the pons is a classically described site). Need more room! ;-)
Answered 11/8/2014
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