Is there a noninvasive procedure to check for thyroid cancer or problems?

Yes: There is blood test to check if there is any problems with thyroid first initially. Then there is ultrasound to see any abnormality before biopsy is done

Not really: Even a blood test requires a needle stick -- and the needle stick for a fine needle aspiration of the thyroid gland is even smaller! symptoms say a lot -- but confirmation requires some sort of "invasive" procedure. Smile -- it is not so painful or difficult to do.

First, Thyroid: Cancer is not very common. It usually shows up with a a nodule in the thyroid. The steps to work that up are thyroid function tests: tsh, t3 (liothyronine). A nuclear medicine and ultraound scan, and finally a biopsy which is invasive. Most types are slow growing and curable. Anaplastic thyroid is the rarest, and the worst.