Can i contract syphilis without sexual intercourse or oral sex?

Essentially no.: You can theoretically contract any disease through blood transfusion, but blood supply in USA is tested for almost all transmissible diseases.

Yes, rarely: The rash of syphilis as well as the chancre (the initial ulcer) both contain bacteria and so touching either of these with ungloved hands or from genital-frontal contact without penetration can result in transmission. Anal sex can also transmit syphilis.