Which nerve from the spine innervates the colon?

Autonomic: The colon is inervated by sympathetic and parasympathetic branches of the autonomic nervous system. The sympathetic branch relatively shuts down intestinal function, which is superfluous during "fight or flight". The parasympathetic imparts digestive & evacuation functions; overly expressed during ibs. Colon tissues do not arouse pain during cutting or burning, but distention evokes severe pain.

You asked for it: Sympathetic fibers from the spinal cord lead to the celiac ganglion (foregut) and superior (midgut) and inferior (hindgut) mesenteric ganglia. Parasympathetic fibers arise from the vagus (innervate the foregut and midgut (through transverse colon)) and the hindgut (pelvic nerves which innervate the descending colon, sigmoid, and rectum). Does that answer your question?