Would a thyroid nodule cause back pain and eye/head pain/pressure and feeling of nervousness or electricity ?

Hyperthyroidism: Hyperthyroidism is an over active thyroid which can lead to anxiety eg nervousness as well as exophthalmos or protrusion (proptosis) of eyeball which might be experienced as pain/pressure. Thyroid nodule needs to be investigated as graves disease is common cause of hyperthyroidism & exophthalmos. Go see your family doc for initial testing, then referral to endocrinologist & ophthalmologist.

Yes but: I totally agree except for the back pain unless this is from muscle spasm from Adrenalin rush from potential thyroid storm.