What are common symptoms of allergy or intolerance to wheat (not celiac disease)? how is allergy/intol determined - thru testing or elimination diet?

Intolerance/immune: Intolerance consists of any undesired effects from from wheat and there is no definite test for it (other than a double-blind food challenge). Allergy to wheat often affects the guts but may cause hives, swelling, nasal congestion, and even rarely anaphylaxis. Allergy can be detected by skin testing or allergy blood test but double-blind food challenge remains the gold standard.