Can a doctor hear the difference in heart murmurs?

Mirmurs: In a general way yes a well trained cardiologist may be able to seperate different types of murmurs but usually an echo is needed to quantify what they hear.

Murmurs: Yes a trained cardiologist and many trained in internal medicine or family medicine can differentiate different cardiac murmurs by theor timing and quality.

Yes, if trained: Most docs can heart heart murmurs & can hear a difference between them, but training teaches them to identify the characteristic sounds of each type, e.g. Mitral stenosis, aortic stenosis, etc. Doppler stethoscopes make it even easier to distinguish them.