What are the disease leading to needing an open heart surgery?

Open heart surgery: This can be any disease process requiring access to the heart or central blood vessels for fixing. Coronary artery disease - bypass surgery, valvular narrowing or leaking - valve replacement., closing of abnormal holes between chambers -vsd or asd, correction of congenital abnormalities.

Several: Critical calcific aortic stenosis, severe aortic insufficiency, severe mitral valve stenosis, severe mitral valve regurgitation, atrial fibrillation(maze), tetrallogy of fallot, truncus arteriosus, tapvr, transposition of the great arteries, ascending aortic aneurysm, ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect, sinus of valsalva aneurysm, coronary stenosis, cor triatriatum, cardiomyopathy, 2include s.