How do doctors make sure that the brain keeps getting blood during carotid artery surgery?

EEG or Shunt: There are two ways to know. Some people use a EEG to monitor the brain activity to assure enough blood is flowing to the brain. Others use a small tube to allow blood to bypass the work/surgery site in order to assure blood is always being supplied they work.

Awake or asleep: Some surgeons will perform carotid surgery under local aneshesia and during clamping the patient can give feed back about decrease blood flow which means u need to have a shunt or not . If the surgery is done under general anesthesia u either get a shunt all time or have brain flow monitor like eeg

Neuro exam: Neuro exam, eeg monitoring, stump pressures, transcranial doppler.