What are the symptoms of alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency?

Emphysema: Aat deficiency affects primarily the lungs, leading to copd, particularly a panacinar emphysema. Symptoms are variable, but usually involve shortness of breath on exertion, cough, or wheezing. It can also affect the liver, causing chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Necrotizing panniculitis is a rare clinical manifestation involving the skin.

Early emphysema: Lung and liver are the target organs in Alpha 1 at deficiency. Children may develop liver disease like cirrhosis. The commonest symptoms are due to early development of emphysema, e.g., shortness of breath, barrel chest, and later heart failure.