What could cause my jaws to have white spots and tongue to have edgy spots and a feeling of burning?

Thrush: I'm not sure what you mean by "jaws", but white spots in the mouth with burning sensation frequently means a yeast infection of mouth and or throat. The risk of getting them increases with treatment with antibiotics or prednisone, in diabetics and other people with decreased immunity. This is treated with Nystatin mouth rinses, Clotrimazole lozenges, or Fluconazole pills for 14 days.