My teenage son has several tiny black spots surrounded by white inside both ears. what might these be and how should they be treated?

Probably Black Heads: Based on your description, it sounds like he has black head acne (comedones). These are very common in teenagers. You could try and push them out with a tool called a comedone extractor which you can find over the counter or online. If this does not work, i would suggest evaluation by a dermatologist.

Guessing here: Probably open comedones, aka 'blackheads'. It may be tricky to do, but applying any standard topical acne treatment should help. If the issue persists, see a dermatologist.