Explain the method of treatment for macular edema?

Depends on Cause: The two most common causes of macular edema are from complications of cataract surgery, and from diabetic retinopathy. In the first case, anti-inflammatory agents are used as the first line of treatment. In the second case, laser and/or intravitreal injections are given to stop leakage from retinal blood vessels. Good systemic control of blood sugars, blood pressure and cholesterol help also.

Laser welds, retina: The eye surgeon uses a laser to target tiny areas of fluid leakage around the macula. This essentially 'welds' the leaks shut and stops fluid from causing edema.