How does lithotrypsy work and does do any damage to kidney tissues? if so, to what extent?

"Force" waves: Eswl is the process of fragmenting kidney stones with "force" waves (created in a pulsatile fashion by one of several different types of generators) focused through and into the body at your kidney stone(s). Since the human body is composed mostly of water (including your bones), the force waves pass through human tissue and break up the stone through refraction (release) at the stone interface.