Usually not, but...: Long term side effects of chemotherapy can involve many organ systems in the body. Typically, long term affects on the immune system are not one of them (there are rare exceptions). Other much more common late effects include those that impact the heart, lungs, kidneys, endocrine system, and iq (especially if you had radiation to the brain as a young child).
Answered 4/5/2020
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Not true: The immune system is minimally compromised during chemo but the effects are temporary. As soon as the blood counts recover(4 weeks after last chemo), the immune system is practically back to normal. Total body irradiation as done for allogeneic bone marrow transplantation is the only therapy that has longer lasting immunosuppression.
Answered 1/27/2014
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