Question 1

what are antibodies?

Accepted Answer

Part of immune syste: Antibodies are proteins made by your immune system to attach to things that the immune system is trying to eliminate from your body, such as bacteria and viruses.  Normally they are made only against foreign substances (i.e. Those not naturally occurring in the body).  Certain drugs, like Avastin (bevacizumab) for example, are also made as antibodies.

Question 2

what is pra antibody?

Accepted Answer

Panel Reactive antib: Pra ( panel reactive antibodies ) or anti hla antibodies,  is used in transplantation   surgery , is how the body is going to react to transplantation. Hla  testing or human leukocyte antibody  cross matching is essential in organ transplantation like kidney.

Question 3

what is the ns1 antibody?

Accepted Answer

Not sure,: there could be multiple answers to this (it seems like NS1 could be a common abbreviation).  I do know that a structural protein associated with viruses (that cause diseases such as Dengue fever and Yellow fever) is used for diagnosis.  ie, if you have antibody to this NS1 protein, then you have been exposed to that pathogen

Question 4

u1rnp antibody what does it do?

Accepted Answer

Used for diagnosis: of mixed connective tissue disease (generally scleroderma with lupus overlap and muscle inflammation) for which it is fairly specific (accurate). The action of the antibody is not well characterized and probably less important than its use for diagnostic purpose (we know it binds to a protein for RNA building). In patients with anti-centromere Ab+ scleroderma, it portends kidney complications.

Question 5

can bad antibodies go away for good?

Accepted Answer

Unfortunately, No: It is not clear what you mean by bad antibodies.  Autoantibodies are generally bad and unfortunately usually do not disappear.

Question 6

what does increse in antibodies mean?

Accepted Answer

A warrior increase: Think of an antibody as a soldier to help you beat the enemy (infection) if you have increasing antibodies you have more warriors.
The problem here is if the warriors decide to fight against your own body rather than infection.  You then have an auto-immune disease like rheumatoid arthritis.

Question 7

what is some type of antibody positive?

Accepted Answer

Unclear question: We all have many antibodies and most are good. Some like antibody to hepatitis virus indicate exposure to that organism. Antibodies to tetanus, diphtheria are due to immunization and protect against these diseases.

Question 8

where are antibodies produced in the body?

Accepted Answer

From immune B cells: Antibodies, also called immunoglobulins or gamma-globulins, are made in a type of white blood cell called B-cells. They are in the blood stream, lymph nodes and in the bone marrow.  We have 5 different types of antibodies: IgM (first responder), IgG (good long term immunity), IgA (in the mucous lining-tears, saliva, respiratory tract and intestinal tract), IgE (allergic antibody) and IgD (unknown)

Question 9

what could cause a low number of antibodies?

Accepted Answer

Meds or diseases: There are many reasons. Immune suppressant medications (e.g. steroids, azathioprine, mycophenolate), chemotherapy, certain seizure meds can all cause low antibody levels. Also, immune deficiencies like CVID lead to low levels. Certain infections like HIV can cause it, too. Excessive loss of protein from chronic diarrhea can cause it. Talk with an immunologist if you have more questions.

Question 10

antibody levels high. what is this a sign of?

Accepted Answer

Which antibody?: We all have antibodies to a number of antigens. Antibodies to self antigens may be associated with disease. Do you have more information about the type of antibody that is of concern to you.

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Antibody

A member asked:

What are antibodies?

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What is pra antibody?

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What is the ns1 antibody?

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U1rnp antibody what does it do?

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Can bad antibodies go away for good?

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What does increse in antibodies mean?

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What is some type of antibody positive?

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Where are antibodies produced in the body?

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What could cause a low number of antibodies?

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Antibody levels high. what is this a sign of?

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