Can you develop heart disease or diabetes type ii from a week or so of lack of sleep and interrupted anxious sleep? :/

Sleep: No. But you should talk to your pcp to determine why your sleep has become disturbed. Somatic vs psychological causation.

No: Not a direct cause of heart disease or diabetes. Could worse the disease when establish. You mention you have chest pain and difficulty breathing and insomnia all symptoms of anxiety and/or depression. Another possibility is asthma, angina (doubt), gerd. See your physician for a better assessment through a physical and history.

In large doses - yes: Hopefully a few weeks in a 28yo can be reversed, but don't push it. Body functions (incl immune sys) that utilize sleep are important! lack of sleep stiffens blood vessels leading to cardiovascular problems over time. Blood-sugar regulation is disrupted w/out sleep - that's when Insulin works. Also, other systems are impacted. Seek psychotherapy to get this back on track - avoid meds if possible.