Can you die from anal cancer?

Unfortunately yes: Mostly the treatment that is mainly concurrent chemotherapy with combined radiation is the standard and achieves good responses; surgery then is used only if recurrence occurs; however if advanced or has spread to other locations like lung or liver then the treatment is mostly palliative (control symptoms and extend life).

Yes: Anal cancer is either squamous cell cancer or cloacogenic cancer and is treated by chemo/radiation after a biopsy establishes the diagnosis. Early on it is very treatable. If you have any suspicion this is what you have, you need to be seen promptly by your physician.