What kind of doctor sees somebody for temporomandibular joint syndrome?

Let see: You could go to your dentist and he will refer you to an oral surgeon.

Dentist first: Normally, depending on who might have diagnosed you, i would consider a dentist first. The dentist may decide, depending on his/her expertise, to treat you or refer you to a tmj/tmd specialist, oral surgeon, ent, physical therapist, etc.

A few types: Oral & maxillofacial surgeon, prosthodontist, orofacial pain specialist.