Is the damage to the lungs in bronchopulmonary dysplasia permanent?

No: Nowadays, most cases of bronchopulmonary dysplasia eventually heal completely over time, as the newborn and infant lung has a remarkable capacity to re-generate. However, intercurrent infections, poor nutrition, or other secondary injuries to the lung may prevent full recovery, which typically occurs by school age.

Yes: Most of the damage to the lungs will improve with time during the first 3 years of life. Avoiding any exposure to infections, avoid passive smoking, following proper immunization guidelines like RSV and flu shots etc will help. But, studies on young adults with bpd during infancy showed some degree of poor lung function.

Sometimes: BPD subjects are twice as likely to wheeze and three times more likely to use asthma medication than controls.BPD survivors can have significant respiratory and quality of life impairment persisting into adulthood.