Is there an effective vaccinination for anthrax?

Yes but use limited: There is a vaccine against anthrax that is limited in its use to parts of the military and a few additional civilians. There is little general risk outside of bioterrorism and availability of antibiotics for those potentially exposed limit its use on any broad scale.

Bio Thrax: In the United States BioThrax is licensed by the fda. It is currently given as a series of five shots with annual booster shots.