Does rubbing alcohol kill botulism?

Not well enough.: The spores are pretty resistant, even to heat.

Not really: Botulism is caused by a toxin produced by a particular germ clostridium botulinum, most commonly found in canned foods that have gone bad (often the can fills with gas and expands). Since the illness is produced by a toxin that has already been made, killing the germ, whether with alcohol, bleaches or whatever does not reduce the toxin already made. Avoiding food from damaged cans is key.